This essay is for a course in Polictical and Legal Anthropology: Notes: This lecture seeks to place indigenous law in the wider context of human rights and legal pluralism. Reflecting on the constitutionalization and processes of legislative development of indigenous law in a range of national contexts, the lecture raises difficult questions in the relationship of human rights and culture. I examine ongoing debates about the application of international human rights standards to different cultural settings. required reading: Cowan, J. 2006 ‘Culture and Rights after Culture and Rights.’ American Anthropologist 108 (1): 9-24. Merry, S.E. 2001 ‘Changing Rights, Changing Culture.’ In J. Cowan et al (eds.) Culture and Rights: Anthropological Perspectives. Cambridge University Press, 31-55. Stavenhagen, R. 1996 ‘Indigenous Rights: Some Conceptual Problems.’ In E. Jelin and E Hershberg (eds.) Constructing Democracy: Human Rights, Citizenship and Society in Latin America. Westview Press, 141-159.