Sewage and urban runoff can reach the coastline in crowded urban areas. To protect the health of swimmers from fecal contamination at beaches, public health officials routinely monitor the coastal waters for indicator organisms bacteria, such as fecal Coliform and Enterococcus. These organisms are naturally found in the intestines of warm blooded organisms, and so when they are detected in beach water it means that there is probably fecal contamination. While the indicators used to monitor beaches are bacteria, the actual disease causing organisms (called "pathogens") are often viruses or even parasites. When the bacteria levels get too high, public health officials must make tough management choices to close beaches. Write a 2-3 page paper in which you do the following: Describe the types of illnesses that can be caused by contaminated recreational beach waters. Identify challenges in monitoring and managing beach waters for public health protection by examining the timeliness of water test results and types of warning information made available to the public regarding the safety of swimming at the beach, as well as the extent of this information in describing the health risks. Please be sure to justify your opinion with evidence from the literature.