Membrance action of reinforced concrete slab 1)) • Membrance effects in slabs • Illustration of the compressive membrance effect (dome effect) • Membrance action in simply supported slabs • Membrance action in clamped slabs • Load –deflection curve for simply supported slabs obtained through a series of upper bound solution • Load – deflection curve for clamped slabs obtained through a series of upper bound solutions 2)) • Unreinforced One – way slabs. • One – way slab loaded by two line loads • Work equation ; Yield line between slab parts • Unreinforced Rectangular slabs. • The effect of Reinforcement. • Comparison with TESTS • It has been shown that dome effects in slabs having horizontal restraints along all edges may be calculated in a very simple way –for slabs with normal horizontal restraints ,ie,slabs surrounded by slabs of similar geometry ,etc as the slab considered or slabs having equivalent horizontal restraints , the load carrying capacity including dome effect may be calculated in many ways • = & gt;Behaviour of test slabs and discussion of RESULTS: {Observed behaviour +Model deflection + Model strains + Failure loads} • = & gt;Arching theory (degree of lateral restraints • = & gt; Proposed Two-Phase approach • = & gt;Comparison with test results • = & gt;Comparison with other test data. • = & gt;conclusion from test resultson model bridge deck and from the development/////end of part c 3)) • Membrance Action in ground bearing concrete slabs • Plastic analysis of a concrete slab on grade • (Slab consideration +slab grade consideration +Illustrative behaviour) • The effect of parameters . 4)) • Arching action in FRP Reinforced concrete slabs • Experimental programming • TEST RESULTS: 1. Material properties 2. Observed behaviour 3. Slab deflection 4. Reinforcement strains 5. Ultimate strength • Back ground to Arching Action (typical load Vs. deflection for restrained reinforced concrete slabs) • Load Predictions: Compressive membrane Action In Reinforced concrete One- Way slabs (R C slabs /end restraints/compressive membrane action /finite element modelling +EXERIMENTAL WORK) • DIRECT Assessment of safe strengths of R C slabs under membrane action . • Complexity of One – Way spanning slabs strips . • Maximum Membrane Force Design Method.