Guidance Notes: philosophical traditions you may consider include positivism; subjectivism; critical realism; post-modernism. Aspects of the research process which are likely to be influenced ( explicitly or implicitly ) by these ''''''''background'''''''' philosophical assumptions include : 1- What constitutes aresearh problem. 2-The researcher''''s values in relation to the research process. 3- The basis on which evidence (or indeed what constitutes evidence) is judged. 4- The meaning, import and status of factors such as internal validity, external validity and reliability. 5- The nature and language of dissemination of findings. 6- The relationship of research to the possibility and desirability of changing the ''''''''real world''''''''.