1. Introduction - some introduction should be given as to why the topic chosen is interesting, important or worthy of study. The research question or issue should be clearly stated and then developed through statements throughout the investigation. It may be appropriate for students to state their own view or opinion of the research question without prejudging the outcome of the investigation. 2. Development - an account of the method by which information/data is collected or generated should be given. Information/data should be selected which may allow for differing interpretations of the issue under discussion. Information/data should be evaluated as well as analysed. The use of clearly labelled and relevant diagrams, statistics, illustrations, sketch maps, tables or graphs is of particular importance in some subjects and is encouraged. They should be appropriately placed within the essay. The Extended Essay should be written in an objective style. 3. Conclusion - the conclusion should be clearly stated, relevant to the issue being investigated, substantiated by the evidence presented and clearly indicates issue, unresolved questions and new questions that have emerged from the research. A complete summary of the Extended Essay is not required. 4. Abstract - an Abstract must be included. The length of the Abstract must not exceed 300 words. The Abstract does not serve as an introduction. It should be designed to allow readers to understand quickly what the Extended Essay is about. The Abstract presents a synopsis of the essay and should be written last. The Abstract should state clearly the topic, the research question, the scope of the investigation and the conclusion(s) of the extended essay. The Abstract should be typed or word processed onto one side of a sheet of paper, separate from the Extended Essay 1. Presentation - presentation and overall neatness are important, and it is essential that illustrative material is well set out and used effectively. Graphs, tables, diagrams and maps are only effective if they are well labelled and can be interpreted with ease. All such material must be directly related to the text. The use of photographs and postcards is only acceptable if they are captioned and/or annotated and are used to illustrate a specific point made in the essay. A contents page must be provided at the beginning of the essay and all pages should be numbered. An index is not required. 2. References - the direct use of the words of another person must be referenced. Your method of refence must be consistent throughout the essay. Check the Extended Essay book for details. When making use of the ideas of another person, but not using that person''s exact words, students are still expected to include an acknowledgement. Each work consulted, regardless of whether or not it has already been cited in a reference, must be listed in the bibliography. 3. Bibliography - The bibliography should only include those works ( such as books and journals) consulted by the candidate. The bibliography should specify: author(s), title, date and place of publication, and the name of the publisher, following consistently one standard method of listing sources. 4. Appendices - (If included) - Examiners are not requied to read appendices, therefore care should be taken to include all information of direct relevance to the argument/discussion in the main part of the essay. Unless considered essential, complete lists of raw data should not be included in the Extended Essay. An Extended Essay should not constantly refer to material presented in an appendix as this may disrupt its continuity. 5. Length -The upper limit, which includes the main part of the essay and any quotations, is 4000 words. This upper limit does not include any acknowledgements, the contents page, the references, bibliography, abstract or appendix if included. The advisory minimum number of words is 3500. Students are required to indicate the number of words on the Extended Essay cover. Any deliberate attempt to mislead the examiner regarding the number of words will be viewed as malpractice.